Certified Brain Injury Specialist Practice Exam

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Spasticity and hyperreflexia are examples of what type of complications?

Neurological complications
Musculoskeletal complications
Cardiovascular complications
Psychological complications

The correct answer is: Musculoskeletal complications

Spasticity and hyperreflexia are primarily categorized as neurological complications. These conditions arise due to abnormal communication and functioning of the nervous system, often following a brain injury. Spasticity refers to increased muscle tone and rigidity, leading to difficulty in movement, which is a direct result of neurological damage. Hyperreflexia, characterized by exaggerated reflexes, also stems from disruptions in the neural pathways responsible for normal reflex action. While musculoskeletal complications can be influenced by spasticity—due to muscle stiffness negatively impacting movement and leading to joint issues—the root cause of spasticity and hyperreflexia is fundamentally neurological. Therefore, the classification of these conditions as neurological complications highlights their origin in the central nervous system rather than the musculoskeletal system itself. Understanding this distinction is crucial for effectively managing the complications that arise after a brain injury.