Explain the term 'secondary injury' in the context of brain injury.

The term 'secondary injury' in the context of brain injury specifically refers to the cascade of biological processes that occur after the initial impact, which can lead to further damage to the brain tissue. Following an initial traumatic brain injury, various physiological changes can occur, including inflammation, increased intracranial pressure, and disruption of blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain. These secondary mechanisms can exacerbate the initial injury, leading to additional cell death, loss of function, and long-term complications.

Understanding secondary injury is crucial for treatment and rehabilitation, as it highlights the importance of immediate medical intervention and monitoring to minimize further neurological damage. Addressing factors such as controlling intracranial pressure and managing oxygenation can significantly affect recovery outcomes for individuals with brain injuries. This differentiation helps healthcare professionals develop effective treatment strategies that aim to mitigate the effects of both primary and secondary injuries.